What is the net result of one cycle of the sodium-potassium pump?

The net result of one cycle of the sodium-potassium pump is that three sodium ions are transported out of the cell while two potassium ions are brought into the cell. This pump is essential for maintaining the electrochemical gradient across the plasma membrane, which is critical for numerous cellular functions, including generating action potentials in neurons.

The operation of the sodium-potassium pump involves ATP being used to change the conformation of the pump and transport ions against their concentration gradients. The net movement of three sodium ions out and two potassium ions in contributes to a more positive charge outside the cell compared to the inside, which is vital for cellular excitability.

Additionally, this process is crucial for maintaining osmotic balance and cell volume, as it helps to regulate the concentrations of these ions inside and outside of cells. This imbalance also contributes to the resting membrane potential, influencing how cells respond to stimuli.