Which process does NOT involve the use of energy (ATP) from the cell?

Facilitated diffusion is a passive transport mechanism that does not require energy from ATP. This process occurs when molecules move across a cell membrane from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration with the help of transport proteins. The driving force behind facilitated diffusion is the concentration gradient itself, meaning that it relies on natural movement rather than requiring additional energy input. In contrast, both active transport and the processes of endocytosis and exocytosis require energy expenditure to move substances against their concentration gradients or to transport large molecules into or out of the cell. Hence, facilitated diffusion stands out as the process that operates independently of cellular energy.